Editor-in-Chief

ABSTRACT

PUNE RESEARCH  

AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL IN ENGLISH

( ISSN 2454  -  3454  ONLINE ) (JIF 3.02)

 VOLUME 3 , ISSUE - 5  ( SEPT-OCT  2017 )

Dr. R. VANITHA

ABSTRACT

Students depends on language to learn any subject.  Disability in learning the language, understanding the language and comprehending the language makes the student to suffer really in school as well as in the whole life.  This paper gives the understanding of author on language disabilities.  The study on the characteristics of the language disabilities will help the teachers of languages to help the students on time.  Not blaming the child as stubborn and understanding the difficulties will help the student to achieve in studies and eradicates the school dropouts. 

Key Words : Language Disabilities, Language learning

DR. RAJKUMAR MANDAL

ABSTRACT

The present paper explores Sri Aurobindo Roy’ approach towards the reinterpretation of Myth in Savitri .Traditionally myth and legendary stories are used as the raw materials for the literary works or as the primary source. Now the question is how the primary source or myth is used in Savitri - what has to be noted is whether the literary work is simple, straight forward narrations of the original myth or recreation and reinterpretation of the original myth. These are the ambiguous questions that are designed to answer in the present paper.

Keywords:- Re-interpretation, Myth, Primitive Ontology Legend, Anthropological 

AMEEN ALI MOHAMMED AL-GAMAL

ABSTRACT

The present study reports on the beliefs held by Yemeni first-year university students about learning English as a foreign language (hereafter EFL). A total of 120 male and female students majoring in the English language in the Faculty of Education at Thamar University participated in this study. The instrument employed was a modified version of Horwitz's (1987) Beliefs about Language Learning Inventory (henceforth BALLI) to suit the Yemeni context. The results of this study were analyzed statistically and revealed that the participants held more positive responses and less uncertain replies towards the five categories of BALLI namely; language aptitude,  the difficulty of language learning, nature of language learning, learning and communication strategies, and motivation and expectations. Based on the findings, it was found out that students bring their previous attitudes, beliefs, experiences, and strategies of learning, which are actions that students perform to learn, into the classroom. The overall results appeared to be consistent with some other studies carried out in some Arab and non-Arab countries. Finally, the present study offered a number of pedagogical implications and recommendations for further research to be carried out at university and school levels.  

Key words: language-learning beliefs, Yemeni learners’ beliefs, aptitude, learning difficulties, motivation

SANJEEV KHOBARGADE & DR. HITENDRA B. DHOTE

ABSTRACT

Homi K Bhabha is the leading contemporary critic who has tried to disclose the contradictions inherent in colonial discourse in order to highlight the colonizer’s ambivalence in respect to his position toward the colonized other. The simple presence of the colonized other within the textual structure is enough evidence of the ambivalence of the colonial text, an ambivalence that destabilizes its claim for absolute authority or unquestionable authenticity.

Keywords : Postcolonial Literature, ambivalence, mimicry, interstice, hybridity and liminality

DR YOGESH KUMAR

ABSTRACT

Bapsi Sidhwa the most acclaimed English novelist of Pakistan has been the pioneer of bringing the Parsi religion into light and making the rest of the world well aware of it. Most of her fictional characters are Parsi or the exploited women. In her novel An American Brat Sidhwa focuses on a Parsi girl who comes under the process of modernization just after her arrival on American land. Sidhwa draws the real picture of a Parsi-Pakistani family bound to follow the Zoroastrian tenets strictly, especially when a Parsi girl or boy tries to crack the shackles of their religion. What happens when a conservative girl is sent to America to get modernised, how a Parsi family reacts when the modern brat tries to break the age-long-old traditional taboos by making plan for inter-caste marriage, and how she is dissuaded from her decision to go down the aisle with a non-Parsi, Sidhwa has dealt this complex and religio-sensitive theme with great acumen. Sidhwa being a diasporic writer himself better utilises her immigrant experience while portraying the story of An American Brat.

Key Words: Culture, Expatriation, Modernization, Zoroastrianism and Marriage.

S. LAVANYA

ABSTRACT

Narcopolis explores the lowest of the low of our country. There is not much of a plot in this novel, but when one begins reading it, there can be no stopping at all. It is full of pathos and just a mere character sketch of the different kinds of low people who existed during the 80’s Bombay which in itself a separate story. The speciality of this novel is the quality of being phantasmagorical. Thayil has no hesitation in talking about these things which could mar the image of India on a global level. But as we all know, literature is a reflection of life and there are autobiographical elements which are acknowledged by Thayil himself in various interviews during the release and the promotions of the novel. The aim of this paper is to analyse the characters of this novel and their choices – both individual and societal and how these choices affect their lives.

DR. TOTAWAD NAGNATH RAMRAO

ABSTRACT

The Partition of Indian Subcontinent have uprooted many and forced to give up their belongings and move to a land which was not theirs and they don't know anything about it (not seen and heard about it). Partition has moved the whole nation, innumerable losses experienced by the people. As one writer says, 'it is dangerous to forget and difficult to remember'. The ideal villages like Mano Majra; in which everyone was living happily suddenly became violent when Ramlal, a Hindu Money Lender's house was robbed and he was murdered. Mano Majra is the center of the novel. The novel was originally titled as Mano Majra but later it changed as Train to Pakistan. Train is the only source of their rising, praying, working and so on. Symbolic in nature, the title is very suggestive and the train is the only source of information of the people of Mano Majra. It is a very tiny but an ideal village, which was situated half a mile away from the river Sutlej. It was the time people were living in the perfect harmony and no one knew that the British had left the country and the country was divided into India and Pakistan. It’s true that the arrival and departure of trains have made an impact on their lives (and on them).

Keywords: Partition, division, migration, kidnap, death, violation etc.

DR. A. V. ANURADHA & SADHNA V.

ABSTRACT

A learning difficulty is any diverse group of conditions that cause significant difficulties in perceiving or processing auditory, visual and/or spatial information. Learning difficulties are significant problems of synthesizing (bringing together information within the brain), organizing (making sense and order of this information), andmemorizing (holding onto this information in order to use it at will)(Dorothy Smith, 1996). The unfortunate fact about learning difficulty is that a child already with a learning disability does not fit into any category that is represented by various definitions for learning difficulties but still has a problem to read, speak write and solve arithmetic problems.

Key words: learning disability/difficulty, synthesizing, organizing, memorizing, auditory, visual, spatial information

DR. ABHILASA KAUSHIK

ABSTRACT

Often, in the second language classrooms, little or no attention is given by the teacher or curriculum (including the Educational system) to the identity of the student. A student enters the classroom with his own identity and culture. When acquiring a second language, it is necessary for the student to absorb the culture of the second language, too (Spackman, 2009, p.2). This is where the issue of culture and identity influencing second language acquisition occurs. In general, students represent the identity and culture of their first language and where they come from. The purpose of this study is to examine the influences of culture and identity in reference to the first language or the mother tongue of the learner on second language.

DR. UMESH B. BANSOD & DR. HITENDRA B. DHOTE

ABSTRACT

It is needless here to talk about intellectual genius of Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar. The paper directly enters into the probe of  finding conventional literary evidences in The Buddha And His Dhamma  similar to that of an epic novel. Surprisingly  the novel is still out of canon .It is not considered as a part of English literature. It is the magnum opus  of a literary giant like Dr.Ambedkar . Unfortunately still in search of its genre . The paper is a conscious effort to focus important aspects of  epic in the novel . Now there is a need to do away with the hypocrisy  nd include this work as a part of English literature.

Key Words : The Buddha And His Dhamma , epic

K. G. REKA & DR. V. NANAPRAKASAM

ABSTRACT

Anita Nair is a popular Indian English writer. She is a living postmodern writer. She is considered to be bold and straight forward writer. Unlike the novelists of thirties, Anita Nair exhibits confidence in tackling new themes and experiments with new techniques. Her novels depict the real life of her characters without hiding anything from the readers and she reveals the effect of social conditioning on women and how they survive in the patriarchal society and find solution to come out from their suffering especially, in her novel Lessons in Forgetting which was published in 2010. This novel has a strong feminine flavour where the author portrays her female protagonist as strong, determined in the same hand. She has stressed about marriage being an integral part of a woman’s life or no one cares about it. She is concerned with the studies, family, love and striving for fame and fortunes. She has portrayed such a life in this novel.   

DR. PINKI NEGI BORA

ABSTRACT

Tennyson the Victorian poet laureate reflects the unjust system of British patriarchal society in his celebrated work The Princess. It is essential to understand that the notorious term ‘patriarchy’ stands for the social laws and rules which consider men as the pivot of the society and allow them to dominate and suppress women. Men in patriarchy consider themselves as master of non-existent sex i.e., women, which results in sexual harassment or rape. To retain their superiority over women, men used their sexual power.  Patriarchy is divided into two main forms on the basis of division of labor: private patriarchy and public patriarchy. Private patriarchy is principally based on the confinement of women in the domestic sphere where father or husband is the direct oppressor. Private sphere stands for “the world of domesticity, morality and women”¹. In public system of patriarchy women has no role to play. It is this set up which  generated men’s unlawful authority to treat women as slaves. 

DR. T. VASANTHA KUMARI & P. S. POORNIMA

ABSTRACT

Ecocriticism is the study of literature and ecology which helps one to understand the value of nature and literature. Nature is being dominated and exploited by men. Man kills animals, landscapes and even his own race to fulfill his needs for sophistication. Man cannot live without nature and other beings. It is expressed by many literary writers. John Steinbeck is one among them whose works obviously exhibit the importance of nature. His East of Eden consists of the elements of ecocritical approach.

Keywords: Ecocriticism, Landscape, Nature, Ecology.

BRIJESH SHANKARRAO DESHMUKH

ABSTRACT

Communication is the act of conveying intended meaning from one entity or group to another through the use of mutually understood signs and semiotic rules. Communication is the process of sharing ideas, information and messages with others in a particular time and place. We live in a world filled with other people. We live together, work together, and play together. In our personal lives, we need each other for security, comfort, friendship, and love. In our working environment, we need each other in order to achieve our goals and objectives. None of these goals can be achieved without communication. It is the basic thread that ties us together. Through communication we make known our needs, our wants, our ideas, and our feelings. The better we are at communication, the more effective we are at achieving our hopes and dreams. In it’s most basic form, the process of communication involves a sender who takes his thoughts and encodes them into a structured form of verbal and non-verbal message that is send to a receiver.

DR. G. VENUGOPAL

ABSTRACT

Multi-dimensional conflicts and clashes form basis of the novel Arrow of God. The conflicts vary from place to place, person to person and situation to situation. These conflicts arise due to various reasons such as: internal political conflicts, personal and family tensions, rivalries, the jealously, concern for status and above all the titanic conflict in the religious domain, the colonizers domination over the colonized. 

D. JAYALASKHMI & DR. V. PERUVALLUTHI

ABSTRACT

Anita Desai occupies a place of prominence among Indo-Anglican  novelists. Born in Mussorie  oriented in 1937, she got her preliminary education from Queen Mary's school and passed bachelor's degree in English literature from Delhi University. She received attention with the publication of her first novel Cry the Peacock. Her Second novel Voices in the City brought her due recognition. The present study attempts to describe Desai's expression of her pre- occupation with the modern ideal of building the society free from male domination. An attempt has been made to show, how Desai represents the theme of uniqueness of sensibility of women as compared with the male counterpart and how they suffer on account of emotional as well as physical repression and become the victim of male-dominated social and cultural order.

DR. DIVYA WALIA

ABSTRACT

The paper is an attempt to scrutinize the different aspects of the movie and set it against the perspective of Shakespeare’s play. It proposes to draw a parallel between the two masterpieces, belonging to different genres, while focusing on various aspects of a Shakespearean comedy. Twelfth Night received acclaim and adoration but as in the case of any remake, She’s the Man too came under scrutiny on account of high expectation and obvious comparison with the original by the critics; however, the movie has its own brilliance when we talk of entertainment and comedy. The paper will compare the two great pieces of art while reflecting primarily on the proximity between the two in terms of setting, characters and the overall impact.

Keywords: Adaptation, Films, Shakespeare, She’s the Man, Twelfth Night

S. ARCHANA

ABSTRACT

Robert Frost is one of the renowned American Poets of Twentieth Century. He was also entitled with “Nature Poet”. This paper mainly aims at depiction of life as a metaphorical journey through Robert Frost’s “The Road Not Taken” poem. Robert Frost exhibits an imminent into the simple instances in our lives that when transmitted together constitute our lives. Frost utilizes a figure of speech to exemplify the process of choice-making and the reception of the conclusion of that choice. 

Key Words:  Renowned, Nature Poet, Admiration, Depiction, Metaphorical, Exemplify

M. VIJAYALAKSHMI

ABSTRACT

The comprehension approach is focus on helping make meaning clear and supporting learners gain confidence so that they are willing to produce language. Teachers use classroom objects, observable actions, and chunks of language in novel combinations. An advantage of the CA is the fact that when the learner eventually understands the meaning and the correct application of the words, the language will sound more effortless when he or she speaks it in contrast to other forms of language learning, which may result in more stilted efforts. On the contrary, some people who are not very confident might decide to wait until they feel that they have totally grasped the concepts of the language, including the correct pronunciation, before attempting to speak that language.

Key words: Comprehension approach, advantages, disadvantages.

DR. SATISH KUMAR PRAJAPATI

ABSTRACT

Proscenium theatre is a theatre in the frame of arch in an elevated stage separating the action from the audience by putting a curtain between them. The root of the Proscenium can be traced from Greco-Roman culture of theatre. In Greek theatre the performances took place in hilly areas. The proscenium stage is structured like arch and that is why this theatre is also known as proscenium arch theatre. It is fully covered from the upper part and the stage is illuminated only through mechanical lights in the structure of an arch. All the three sides of the stage work as walls for the stage and the concept of the “fourth wall” is introduced in proscenium theatre. Proscenium theatre has one aim, that is, to present naturalism on stage. Naturalistic theatre is the central kind of theatre used in the proscenium arch. His plays like Weeding Album and monologue Broken Images are written with the advantages of proscenium theatre in mind.

DR. VINOD KUMAR VAISHYA

ABSTRACT

Both materialism and spiritualism are two integral parts of human life that provide happiness. Spirituality seeks happiness within while materialism seeks happiness without. Spiritualism gives a lesson of selfless stance whereas materialism leads towards the selfish insight. The modern approach of spirituality in Christian vision was driven by the Holy Spirit or Angel. In Islam, Sufism is mystic dimension that is very much akin to the path of spiritualism. In Hinduism, following the path of spiritualism leads man towards ‘Moksha’ or ‘awareness of self’, liberation, true nature of life, and ultimate truth of life. Arun Joshi presents the spiritual vision of Hinduism through his leading character Ratan Rathor in his third novel The Apprentice. The purpose of present paper is to draw Joshi’s vision of life which clarifies with the characterization of Ratan’s journey from materialism to spiritualism. Through the novel Joshi probably tries to draw the line between materialistic and spiritualistic life. He also tries to suggest following the mid path of materialism and spirituality for the sake of one’s existence and survival.

NAYAKWADI DIVYA

ABSTRACT

To create a bizarre world, Karnad employs the conventions and ornamentation of folk saga and folk theatre which involve masks, curtain, dolls, and the story-within-a-story. He creates a great drama which has prominent tone and expression. His outstanding ability and power to alter any circumstance into an aesthetic experience is noteworthy. He spotlights mainly on the complexity of human relationship and acts as a meandering critique of contemporary Indian society. The blending of issues by Karnad like love, identity and sexuality with folk culture and his imagination is praiseworthy.

KAMALAKAR BABURAO GAIKWAD

ABSTRACT

Sylvia Plath, an American poet, novelist and short story writer, attempts to portray the reality of human life through the images and attitudes of woman and mirror in her famous poem ‘Mirror’. At the same juncture, she reflects the exactness of mirror for which she has pride. On the other hand, this exactness is not acceptable to woman who always wishes to be live young. In present research paper, the researcher wants to explore the reality and universal truth of human life through the images of mirror and woman.

Key Words: Human life, reality, exactness, images and attitudes of mirror and woman, role of the mirror etc.

MORE DATTATRAYA MUKUNDRAO

ABSTRACT

Kamala Das in her poetic exercise ventilates her ideas and expressions with an interesting use of a wide range of human imagery that not only manifests the precision of her understanding of her life’s lacuna but also her mastery of finding an objective correlative to depict her emotion in words. Hers is a life of continual quest for true love with an experience of unemotional personal relationship leading to sexual violence and realization of erosion of her female entity. Her traumatic experience in love has always made her feel a wretched victim to male carnal desire. Dissatisfied and dismayed, Kamala Das ventilates male approach to lovemaking in terms of comparing her husband with some animals who share the same spirit of violence and cruelty in lovemaking as he does. At the same time, some she uses to express her life of bondage and disgrace. My attempt in this paper is to trace some of the various uses of human imagery in her poems and explore their relevance.

Keywords: ornamentation, aesthetic pleasure, concretization of emotions, Indianness etc.

DR. PRADIP G. SONAWANE

ABSTRACT

Capitalism is a social system. It is based on the recognition of individual rights, including property right in which all property is privately owned. By contrast it may not be defined as a system of competition. It does involve a unique form of competition along with many other desirable social features. Under Capitalism, state and economics are separated, just as state and church are separated. The term “Laissez-faire Capitalism” is a redundancy albeit a necessary one in today’s linguistic chaos. It is a system of laissez-faire. It is not the mixture of political opposites that now rules the West. It is the only moral system. It is also the only system that makes possible the achievement of virtue, of any proper virtue and therefore, of every moral value. Individual rights are the means of subordinating society to moral law. Every political system is based on the some code of ethics. A right is a moral principle defining and sanctioning a man’s freedom of action in a social context. The only fundamental right is a man’s right to his own life because life is a process of self-sustaining and self-generated action. It is portrayed in the novels of Ayn Rand.

Key Words- Capitalism, Laissez-faire Capitalism, Objectivism

NEHA KUMARI & DR. RAJESH KUMAR

ABSTRACT

The term “cultural pluralism” has evolved in modern times through Kallen’s essay “Democracy versus the Melting Pot” (1915) in The Nation in which he presented an argument against the “Americanisation” of European Immigrants. It is the sociological term which advocates that different ethnic group must be allowed to foster in society without being forced to assimilate their identity with the relatively larger ethnic groups. Such an approach is opposite to “multiculturalism” which implies forced cultural amalgamation to achieve the goal of utopian social integration. Sometimes the two terms are mistaken to be synonyms. Whereas multiculturalism idealises objective reality, cultural pluralism advocates the tolerance of subjective reality. In society a healthy ambience is the acceptance, not tolerance, of cultural pluralism and multiculturalism as well as Subjective and objective reality. Notably, the major social clashes around the world for the last few thousand years have been due to intolerance towards other cultures. Amish Tripathi’s Shiva Trilogy that fictionalises the pre-historic world of the Sarasvati Civilization or Indus valley Civilization deals with such a cultural clash originating through rigidity and denial of the truth.  This article discusses the viability of cultural subjectivity and objectivity, cultural pluralism and multiculturalism, as presented in Shiva Trilogy and its relation with our present society.

Keynotes: Cultural Pluralism, Multiculturalism, Existentialism, Social Pluralism, acceptance and tolerance, quantum theory, subjective and objective reality

DR. MOHAMMED ABDELGAWAD MAHMOUD

ABSTRACT

This paper deals with Angela Carter as a moral pornographer - an artist who uses pornographic material as part of the acceptance of the logic of a world of absolute sexual license for all the genders, as she defined the term in The Sadeian Woman. The study analytically addresses Carter's dramatic works, rare as they are, from a feminist approach. Carter's amassed concern with postmodern feminism projects itself in the trajectory of her grotesque corpus, which mostly revises, reproduces and replicates other some of the classics that have looked at women from a somewhat different perspective in order to elucidate how the extant postmodernist discourse ignores or garbles consideration of the feminine within its globally increasing masculine sexuality and desire. The study shows that Carter retrieves the oft-neglected reconstructive features of postmodernism that unfold themselves in an integrated fashion, which bids the end of victim feminism due to ongoing changes in women's lives and developments in female psychology so as feminists may not content that aggression, violence, domination or sexual exploitation of females cannot be restricted to male motives only. Per se, Carter's dramatic works seek to reclaim a reconstructive aspect of postmodernism that defies the biases of modern feminism, thus reconstructing the imaginary revisioning of the world and finally depicting modern females as victimized yet emancipated women, as is critically evaluated in this article.

N. NEENA BOPAIAH

ABSTRACT

The Dark Holds No Terrors is the story of an educated and economically independent woman who is in search of her identity, which leads her to unearth the hidden strength within her. Sarita (Saru), the protagonist of the novel, is neglected and ignored in favour of her brother Dhruva during her childhood. The illogical and absurd traditions, sardonically followed by women, are impediments on her growth as an individual. Through the character of Saru, Deshpande seems to convey a significant truth that women have the power to control and improve their lives, if they are determined to do so, however, for this they have to break their silence. ‘The Dark Holds No Terror’ is a story of Sarita and her relationship with her parents, husband and the agonizing discrimination she faces throughout her life. It is the story of a marriage on the verge of break down and of a woman who has been made acutely conscious of her childhood. The story counters the prevalent concept that “everything in girl's life is fashioned to a single purpose and that is to please a male”

Keywords: Gender discrimination, patriarchy, identity crisis, oppression, defiance  

MOHD NAGEEN RATHER

ABSTRACT

The present paper will attempt to analyse the novel Beyond the Horizon  by Samrudhi Dash from a feministic perspective which talks about many ills and vices that a women faces in the strict patriarchal society of India and highlights their plight after being victimized by the antiquated codifications of Indian society. Particularly, this paper attempts to talks about  the protagonist ,young Indian girl, Navira, who finds herself caught in a whirlpool of trials and tribulations when she rebels against the social and patriarchal standards and customs to make a bid at carving and shaping out her individuality. 

Keywords Feminism, Gender, Saleable commodity, Patriarchy, , Individuality, Women, Society 

ASHA ARORA

ABSTRACT

The ‘deconstruction’ as an analytical tool uncovers the ‘stable’ truths of a work and provides a space for the juxtaposition of opposites and the infinite potential to the readers to analyze the text according to their critical interpretation rather than the fixed interpretation of a text as the final one. This paper intends to examine Rabindranath Tagore’s four short stories by using the ‘deconstructive’ methodology to explore the paradoxical situations that articulate and fit themselves into the various types of ‘binary oppositions’.

New Words: Paradoxical, Subvert, juxtaposition, interpretation, deconstructive, binary opposition. 

S. SARAVANAN & M. NANDHINI

ABSTRACT

The present paper entitled ‘Meluhans and Idealism’ examines the concept and impact of idealism with special reference to the novels The Immortals of Meluha and The Secret of the Nagas by Amish Triapthi. First, it explains the concept of idealism and idealisation in Marxist angle then; it explores how it is imposed on common people by the people in power. Furthermore, it also studies the character Parvateshwar of these novels in particular and portrays how the whole concept of idealism is a failure.

Key words: impact, idealism, idealisation

C. MANIKANDAN & V. UMADEVI

ABSTRACT

This article discusses the black satire and biography of Saadat Hasan Manto with relation to his literary career.  In this article, we have a picture about how Manto depicts the Marginalised people and their struggle in his society and also focuses how the society finds their identity in all aspects.  Manto stands as a unique person in the society through his writings.

Key Words: Parody, Satire, depicts, Marginalised

SELLAKUMAR. S.

ABSTRACT

Indian women novelists have made a substantial contribution to the growth and the enrichment of Indian novels in English. Their novels are essentially concerned with the gender discrimination and other problems related to women who are exposed to both physical and psychological abuse and ill-treatment in the male-dominated Indian society. While analyzing the character and the inner mind of the Indian woman from view point of feminine sensibility and insight, the women novelists depict how women struggle not only against aggressive male domination but also against the social, cultural and religious oppression prevalent in contemporary society. This paper attempts to compare the works of a few Indian women novelists by discussing the central theme of Man-Woman relationship.

DR. MANISH D. BHATT

ABSTRACT

Geoffrey Chaucer, the son of John Chaucer, a wine merchant of London, was born about 1340. His father was connected with the royal family perhaps as purveyor of wine and Chaucer himself became at seventeen a page to the page to the wife of the Duke of Clarence, third son of Edward III. Two years later he went to the Frenchwars where he was taken prisoner and was ransomed by the King himself.After his return he was appointed Valet  of the King’s chamber. He was certainly married and had a son named Lewis to whom he dedicated his Treatise on the Astrolabe. Not much is known of his wife, Philippa, who is believed to have been sister to the wife of John of Lancaster, his great patron. She is said to have died in 1387. From about 1370 when he was thirty to 1378 he was employed on diplomatic missions to France and Italy. About this time he was a member of Parliament for Kent and also held the office of comptroller of Customs in the port of London. In addition he was granted a pension and was generally prosperous throughout life except for a brief spell during the disgrace of John of Gaunt under Richard II. He died in 1400 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

J. MOHAMED KANI

ABSTRACT

Girish Karnad‘s Tughlaq is a representation of one of the most important but nevertheless neglected periods of Indian history, the reign of the fourteenth century Mughal emperor Muhammad-Bin-Tughlaq remains till date one of the most turbulent periods of history. This is the first and most significant play in the post-independence period to have engaged with the Sultanate period in Indian history, this period brought an end to the golden age of classical Hinduism and introduced Islam as a dominant force. This is one of the most important phases of Islamic imperialism in India, but it remains neglected in the national imaginary because of the attention given to the later Mughal and British imperialism. Thus the life of the people is governed and corrupted by the interaction of the saints and the politicians. It’s a kind of parallelism even from the time immemorial. Karnad is a keen observer and thus he is able to find analogy over the themes irrespective of the times. 

PRIN. DR. SHARDA N. MOLAWANE & RANSHING PRATAP RAMDAS

ABSTRACT

Semantics and Pragmatics is the branch of linguistics which studies the meaning communicated through language. Pragmatics studies the process by which native users of a language use native language. Semantics studies the meaning of a sentence and pragmatics studies the meaning in the context sentence is made. Pragmatics is the newer area of language study in linguists. The important development in the pragmatics is the origin of speech act theory.  J. L. Austin is the originator of the Speech act theory.  According to J. L. Austin all utterances are some type of speech act. People not only produce utterances to convey their feelings but also perform actions in between their speech. Even a simple utterance such as ‘Violets are blue’ might be regarded as a special type of act namely the act of making a statement. This overall approach to language study is known as ‘speech act theory’. This speech act theory argues that when we use language we perform certain actions.

BABLU KARAN

ABSTRACT

This paper, Malala Yousafzai’s voice for girls' education throughout Pakistan in particular and World in general: A Study of her Autobiography, explains how a teenage girl from Muslim world fights against prejudice of Islam, for every woman’s right to go to school even under the repeated threat of Taliban’s attack. At the same time it sets a foundation to explore the lives and struggle of Pashtun people to address the root causes of war in Malala’s land. It also highlights Malala’s struggle against the worst form of violence, by establishing herself as a global symbol of peaceful protest, in favor of girls' education throughout the world which almost cost her own life. This present study describes how the power of education, by the hand of one girl, brings certain change in the world and proves that education is the only tool to transform lives, communities and societies through offering health and hope, options and opportunities.

Keywords: Malala and Education, Violence and Taliban, Voice and Marginalization. 

DR. PRAKASH NARAIN

ABSTRACT

As we all know that R.K.Narayan is considered as one of the major Indian-English novelists. He has thrown light almost on all the essential parts of life, manners, style, status  and psychology of Indian people with his creative skill and extraordinary talent of writing realistic novels and short stories. His highly interesting novels with his philosophy of life has assured him a permanent place in the history of  Indo-Anglian Literature. In this research paper, I have attempted to focus on a very different aspect of  his novels that’s  philosophy of defeat. To him, the sense of defeat is not only confined to the battle fields and courts but this one is a part of our common day to day life also. It means when a man’s hopes and expectations are not materialized, he /she is victimized by the sense of defeat. R.K.Narayan wants to convey his philosophy of defeat to his readers in his so many popular and realistic novels through several touching events which take place in the life of different major characters.

Key words – Philosophy, defeat, failures, pangs, unexpected, despair, separation, vagueness, uncertainty, victory 

DR. MOHAMMED ABDUL SAMI SIDDIQUI

ABSTRACT

Oxford Advanced Dictionary defines folklore as the traditional beliefs, customs, and stories of a community, passed through the generations by word of mouth(1). M. H. Abrams explains that it is a collective name applied to sayings, verbal composition, and social rituals that have been handed down by word of mouth and example rather than in written form (2). Folklore studies have become popular since the mid 19^th century. With the advent of technology, like other aspects of life, folklore is also affected. From a very superficial view, digitalization helps in preserving and reviving folklore but it also damages the very spirit of it. This short paper tries to enlist and examine the changes that take place in the transformation from folk to digital. It takes the instance of Meelad recitations as a case study.

DR. D. PARAMESHWARI

ABSTRACT

Indian classical music was centered around the courts and thus often associated with Islamicate culture; though being again in no way is ‘Islamic’. Iqbal Masud says that naushad ali brought Uttar Pradesh’s folk music and the elegance of its courts to film music. Naushad Ali 1999 had trained with orchestras who played in cinema and was no musical purist. Yet even though he brought in western instruments and large orchestras, he was always the composer that producers sought for films which required a more classical feel. Among his famous compositions were films set in mughal times such as Baiju Bawra 1952, dir. Vijay Bhatt) and Mughal-e-Azam 1961, Mr. K. Asif) as well as socials such as Anmol Ghadi 1946, dir.Mehboob Khan) and Mother India 1957, dir. Mehboob Khan).

AAKULA JYOTHSNA & VANGALA RAVINDER

ABSTRACT

The major drawback in foreign language learners is poor pronunciation. It is very difficult to listener to understand the conversation by a non native speaker speaking a foreign language particularly like English. The poor pronunciation makes frustrating and unpleasant. The responsibility of correction of these drawbacks is on Language teachers. Unfortunately they realized it very lately and now try to introduce them at higher education level. Actually the foundation for proper pronunciation of a foreign language should be made only at the primary and kinder garden level. The Segmental and Suprasegmental level of improving language pronunciation skills plays a crucial role in learning foreign language. This paper titled, “Influence of Phonetics on Non Native speakers: A Study on the problems of Language Teachers” focuses on errors in intonation and stress in foreign language (English) learning. The students at High School and Higher education naturally possess knowledge on sentence pattern and its usage. In a multi cultural class room where students are with different social and cultural background, it is very difficult to handle the class and see the students learn proper pronunciation. 

Keywords: Phonetics, difficult, conversation, multi-cultural society, language teaching. 

DR. JAGRUTI S. VYAS

ABSTRACT

Many researchers have been attempting to find out the impact of the writing style of an alphabet on the readers, both from scientific and esoteric view point. Handwriting is a life science. Its movements have the capacity to awaken the dormant recesses of the mind and activate higher state of consciousness. A minute analysis of the writing style will help to broaden our horizons in understanding this alchemical science.Machines or specific techniques are used to capture an aura around the object.Clairvoyants and mystics can tell exactly whether an object or person emits spiritually positive vibrations or not. Their knowledge of the minutest object is supreme, but the word of mouth is not accepted by the rationalists. The rationalists believe more in the scientific experiment and mechanical evidence.PIP (Polycontrast Interface photography) is a microchip technology which reflects the energy field around an object. A computer programme, PIP, can analyse the different light intensities being reflected from the object being scanned. The purpose of this paper is to make a comparative study of the various ways of writing an alphabet and the energy field that it creates around it.

Key Words-  handwriting ,life science, polycontrast interface photography, alphabet, aura, spirituality.

DR. RUBINA VERMA & MS. JAYTI ANAND

ABSTRACT

Rabindra Nath Tagore, a noble laureate, beautifully pours out his overwhelmed heart in his much praised literary work “Where the mind is without fear” in which he exhibits his vision of a hassle free nation by bestowing his heartfelt reliance on the master of the Universe. From a Feminist point of view, this poem is appreciated as an inspiration for the woman race to improve their social status and economic status. Women of India need to come out of their narrow domestic walls by increased means of education and social justice. This thought provoking poem also conveys the idea of eliminating the dreary desert sand of dead habits like Sati System, Dowry, and Child Marriage etc from our Indian Culture to uplift our Indian Woman.  Our Woman will actively support and participate in the nationalist movement and secured eminent positions and offices in administration and public life in free India. This research article aims at stimulating the country to raise the voice for the freedom of women. It channelizes the empowerment of women by directing their efforts towards perfection.

Key words: Dreary desert, Stimulating, Empowerment, Inspiration. 

DR. PARESH K. SHAH

ABSTRACT

In ‘Kanthapura’, Raja Rao gives microscopic picture of the Indian freedom movement during 1930s.  The impact of Gandhian thought on the village of India itself is the theme of this novel. Mahatma Gandhi had converted the entire country into a body of non-violent freedom –fighters. Raja Rao prefers to deal with him through a local figure who appears to be his representative.  Moorthy, the hero of the novel does the same miracle in Kanthapura. He is regarded as Gandhiji’s true follower in Kanthapura. Thus, Raja Rao’s novel Kanthapura presents the Gandhian ideology of non-violence and the abolition of untouchability. The great importance given to caste, the mythical presentation of Gandhi and mother India and the spiritualization of the Freedom Movement within the parameters of Indian cultural convention imply the tremendous impact of Gandhian ideology in Kanthapura.

NAEEMUL HAQ

ABSTRACT

Mahesh Dattani is a well known Indian playwright. His main focus in his plays is the marginalization and subjugation of the Other. Mahesh Dattani’s play Final Solutions deals with the theme of minority discrimination in society. The play presents different shades of the communalist attitude prevalent among Hindus and Muslims in its attempt to underline stereotypes and clichés influencing the collective sensibility of one community against another. The present paper aim at analyze and discuss and how Dattani has represented the issue of marginalization of minority in the play. They play has multiple layers of societal, familial and historical contours of such a location. The play moves from the partition to the present day communal riots. It probes the religious bigotry to the present day communal riots. It probes the religious bigotry by examining the attitudes of three generations of and middle class Gujrati business family. The gruesome rioting and communal/religious disharmony that took seed in 1947 continued to throw up countless incidents of communal violence in India between Hindus and Muslims, and was underscores emphatically by the brutal bloodshed in Gugrat in 2002. These were some of the issues that Dattani had actually dramatized in the form of Final Solutions.

Keywords: Gender, Discrimination, Patriarchal, Guilt, Marginalization

DR. SANDEEP KUMAR SHARMA

ABSTRACT

Coetzee is basically concerned with the South African reality and represents the complexity in unfolding the issues of identity, power and freedom. He re-examines the African conditions in the context of the modern European literary tradition without undermining the basic issues that shape the African reality in the apartheid and post-apartheid segments of time in the history of South Africa.  Almost all the major characters of his novels undergo the process of identity crisis and losing power and position because of the power structure of the colonizers or the changing power equations. South Africa was a British colony but now the power has shifted to the natives. With power shift the people who were dominated by the whites, dealt with cruelly, tortured in their own land, have now gained upper hand, and they are seeking  revenge. They are no longer the silent sufferers  they used to be. South Africa was a British colony but now the power has shifted to the natives. With power shift the people who were dominated by the whites, dealt with cruelly, tortured in their own land, have now gained upper hand, and they are seeking  revenge. They are no longer the silent sufferers  they used to be.

Key Words:     Identity, Power, Oppressor, Oppressed, Colonial Domination.

DR. KOTTACHERUVU NAGENDRA

ABSTRACT

The aim of this research article is to study the selection of the tonic syllable or the ‘the focus of information’ in a tone group by students of IX standard from two English medium schools. Generally, it is observed that in schools, students are neither trained nor encouraged to use the right patterns of intonation. Through this article, we hope to show the need for incorporating intonation into the syllabus, and also the need for training both the teachers and the students in this area.

Key Words: conversation, intonation, tonality, tone, tonicity, segmental, supra-segmental

S. SARAVANAN

ABSTRACT

Shashi Deshpande discusses several problems related with women, marriage and tradition. She makes it clear that patriarchal society does not encourage women to be independent and if women become more efficient, competent and do better than their husbands, the society tries to suppress them. Further the novelist through her women characters expose the harsh realities that the women have been subjected to in the world of masculine domination.  Men have been inflicting sexual violence on women for ages to assert their manhood and supremacy. A career-minded woman always finds herself alone. There is no comfort in marriage or in going back to once parents.  Deshpande realistically presents the dilemma of these educated women who are struggling between the age old traditional values, inflicted on them right from their childhood and the modern outlook they recently acquired from their education.  Thus the novelist brings out powerfully the psychological problem of a career woman and discusses it artistically without crossing the barriers of art. 

Key Words: masculine domination, psychological problem, inflict

BIDVE SUCHITA N.

ABSTRACT

Diaspora writing denote highly contradictory and contested categories through which to make and unmake cultural interventive and parochial, depending on their position within their new national home, their communal affiliation with their ancestral homeland, and their internal differences of class, gender, and race. I examine the ways in which globalization—a highly-uneven process that involves, among other things, the spread of global brand names, the transnational flow of goods, knowledge, images, labor, capital, and immigration at an extraordinary pace— challenges I compare and contrast the identity paradigm with a Diasporic theorization of cultural, transnational and gendered identity from an interdisciplinary postcolonial perspective. This research paper majorly concern/explore how the processes of globalization and transnationalism impact the theorization of cultural, transnational and gendered identity in Michael Ondaatje Anil’s Ghost, Monica Ali’s Brick Lane and Jhumpa Lahiri’s The Namesake. Ondaatje in Anil’s Ghost addresses issues of ethnicity and identity. The shifts in individual identity of the central character Anil Tissera constitutes the core of the novel which presents the problematic of one‘s ethnicity and identity in today‘s world. Jhumpa Lahiri, the 2000 Pulitzer Prize winner portrays the sufferings of the second-generation immigrants in The Namesake as a consequence of cross-cultural conflict with her debut novel The Namesake. .  In the case of Monica Ali’s Brick Lane, the good stemming from Nazneen’s upward mobility seems to be rather more selective and gendered than it is common. By gendering upward mobility and presenting women’s informal labor as the focus of the novel. These novels are diasporic in consciousness and deals with the issues of adaptation, adjustment and accommodation in a world where the boundaries are thinned or often blurred.

Key Words: Diaspora, Globalization, Immigration, culture, Identity, Gender

DR. K. HARIKISHAN

ABSTRACT

Tagore’s contribution to the body of Indian writing in English is extraordinary. He was a poet, dramatist, novelist, short story writer, actor, producer, musician, painter, educationist, reformer, philosopher, prophet and a critic of life and literature. He is a prolific writer and a versatile genius the range and variety of his achievement are quite astonishing. His active literary life extended over a period of sixty-five years. He wrote primarily in Bengali. Most of his works later came into English either through the translation by the author himself or by others. His works consist of thirty plays, twelve novels, two thousand poems, two thousand essays and hundreds of letters, lectures on a variety of subjects. His works reflect social, political, cultural and religious conditions of his time. Tagore wrote about women in most of his works – whether it is a poem, novel or play or a story. Women have a significant role to play in almost all his novels and in his short stories. 

AVDHESH YADAV

ABSTRACT

In Shakespeare’s play Macbeth, he presents the conflicting character of Lady Macbeth. Upon receiving her husband’s letter about the witches’ prophesies, she attempts to be like a man in order to exude the strength needed to gain additional social status as royalty. Lady Macbeth appears to be very influential in planning – deciding when and how they should kill King Duncan – and chiding her husband for not acting more like a man; yet, despite these capabilities, she is the main reason for the revealing of the Macbeth’s part in the usurpation of the throne. First shown as an iron-willed character willing to “[pluck] my nipple from [my child’s] boneless gums, And [dash] the brains out, had I so sworn as you Have done to this” to later being shown as possessed by nightmares of guilt (I. vii), how could such a strong character so quickly fall prey to uneasiness? According to materialist feminism theory, despite her earlier show of strength, Lady Macbeth’s eventual weakness is a result of a patriarchal portrayal of her gender. It is in the line of antifeminism.

Key Words: Antifeminism, Oppression, Feminism, Patriarchy

DR. MOHD. TARIQ

ABSTRACT

Narratives of nation and history are prominent features of Indian English fiction. Transformations in public spheres influenced private lives, and the Indian English fiction was quick to engage with the trend. For instance, Attia Hosain, like her contemporaries, documented pre and post independence India in her short stories, Capturing the period of turmoil and transition, as also the impact of social change on personal relationships. The present paper focuses on select domestic or familial short stories narrating such transformations and their impact on individual and personal or familial relationship.

GORAKHNATH GANGANE

ABSTRACT

Shalini and Vaijanath became untouchables suddenly for her family.  Shalini fell in love with an already married Vaijanath who had a child from his first wife. What did she see in him to go with him into a secret marriage? For Vaijanath, it was Shalini's dusky beauty and her education that worked as attraction and to add to it we may reckon his not so happy first marriage.