PUNE RESEARCH

ABSTRACT

PUNE RESEARCH  

AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL IN ENGLISH

( ISSN 2454  -  3454  ONLINE )

 VOLUME 2 , ISSUE - 1 

INDEX

B. W. SOMATKAR

ABSTRACT

This paper throws light on the perspectives of death theme in the poetry of Emily Dickinson. About five hundreds of her poems are devoted to the theme of death. The various subjects which are focussed in her poetry are as – Nature, Love, Death, Frustration, Pain and Suffering, Immortality, God and Christ. In this way the range of her poetry is thus wide. She wrote a series of death poems in which death is the thing that separates people from their beloved. Each theme is dealt in most of her poetry. But, after all, the theme of death in her poetry has attracted largest critical attention. The most gripping of Emily Dickinson’s poems are centered around the question of ‘what is death? Why ids death/ and what is it like to die? Death is the central and morbid concern of Emily Dickinson’s poems. We must recognise, however, that in the poet’s mind the idea of death is repeatedly accompanied by the possibility of life after death. Death is the bridge which must be crossed, and in itself, it warrants specific attention. Above all, death is indeed the major theme of Emily Dickinson’s poems.

Keywords : Death, funeral, church, clock stopping, coffin.      

R. VANITHA
DR. V. UNNIKRISHNAN

ABSTRACT

Every child is in need of school education particularly the learning of English Language for his/her survival in this competitive world.  If the child fails in school it will affect his academic success as well as his self esteem.  When the child struggles in language acquisition and processing, he or she is classified as a dyslexic child.  It is an accepted truth that many children are suffering from various forms of Dyslexia.  And they are facing academic failure even though they have high IQs.  Their learning problem is making it difficult for them to compete with other normal children.  If it is undiagnosed or these children are not helped in right time, their condition severely affects their academic improvement and the children mostly develop HDAD/ADD related problems.  This research aims to reveal most of the difficulties the dyslexic children are facing in the mainstream classroom and giving  solutions to their writing difficulties using the Orton-Gillingham Approach as a remedial teaching tool in English Language Teaching.

Key Words:  Orton-Gillingham Approach, Remedial Teaching, English Language Teaching, Dyslexic children.

DR. S. T. SALI

ABSTRACT

History has generally been accepted as the record of the past. However nobody has suspected the truth behind these records when the truth is quite different. Has  anybody critically evaluated the expressions like Ashoka, the Great Alexander, the Great, Akbar, the Great, Napoleon, the Great ? It is because of rational and democratic temper of today that Hitler is not called as Hitler, the Great. If we think seriously we can find that these greats butchered thousands of hapless people simply to satisfy their ego, and to expand their territory as if the land was more important to them than the innocent people residing in it. It is quite true that their glorious advancing army might have raped, burnt and devasted everything on their way to victory. Yet history celebrates these emperors as great. In fact the real heroes of this civilization are scientists, philosophers, writers, thinkers and social reformers. Yet have we ever found, anywhere the expression like Gandhi, the Great, Martin Luther King, the Great, Abraham Lincoln, the Great, mother Teresa, The Great? We may point out another example of the distortion of history – The Taj Mahal highly praised as the greatest monument of love when Shah Jahan had scores of other wives in his harem...

VIJAY .D. SONGIRE
KAMALAKR B. GAIKWAD

ABSTRACT

Arundhati Roy, who recently showed her anguish towards the increasing religious intolerance in Indian society, is a winner of The Booker Prize and the stalwart in the field of Indian English literature. She boldly exposes the caste and gender marginalization in her debut novel The God of Small Things. She deals in this novel with the chauvinism in Indian patrimonial set up. She stands against the conventional notion that women are weaker and inferior to men. She also exposes the ghastly evil of casteism and hierarchy. The struggle between the mainstream culture and sub-culture is visible in her novel. Whereas Arvind Adiga, The Booker Prize winning novelist for his debut novel The White Tiger is a significant voice in the field of Indian writing in English. He exposes the corrupt political system in India where the common people are suffered and humiliated .The present paper studies Roy’s The God of Small Things and Adiga’s The White Tiger and investigate that how Dalits ,poor and downtrodden and women in India are humiliated, exploited  due to castiesm and male chauvinism. The paper primarily focuses upon the element of class exploitation in the respective novels.

Key Words: classism, poverty, unemployment, exploitation, power politics, etc.

SUCHITHRA K. P.
DR. V. UNNIKRISHNAN

ABSTRACT

Sir Ernest Barker (1874-1960) who was the principal of Kings College, London (1920-1927) opines that family is a single society. He was the Prof. of political science at Cambridge University and the above said opinion is written in his book The Values of Life. Robert E. Park and Ernest W Burges in their book Introduction to the science of Sociology define family in another way. According to them, “the family is the earliest, the most elementary, and the most permanent of social groups” (P 213). They are of the opinion that marriage, childbirth and the other ceremonies are some stages in the evolution of family...

MAYUR M. AJMERA

ABSTRACT

Anger is "an emotional state that varies in intensity from mild irritation to intense fury and rage". Getting angry is actually punishing yourself with the mistakes of others. Anger is a feeling that makes your mouth work faster than your mind. Holding onto anger is like drinking poison and expecting the other person to die. Control your “ANGER” because it is just one letter away from “D”ANGER. The more anger towards the past you carry in your heart, the less capable you are of loving in the present. You will not be punished for your anger, you will be punished by your anger. The one that Angers you controls you. Don’t give anyone that power especially that one who does it intentionally.

Keywords :  Momentary madness, Biggest enemy, punishing  yourself, Anger, Shame

DR. SANGITA T. GHODAKE

ABSTRACT

It is a saying that the past is past and it is dead but the flashbacks of the past always haunt us in the present. On the other hand past never dies but it remains as The Inheritance of Loss,(2006) saysKiran Desai. Separating past from the present is a Sisyphean task. For instance, fulfillment has always been associated with the loss. Similarlythe unending saga of hostility of partition of Indian subcontinent started from the midnight of 15th August 1947 and has got transmitted into the blood of the children from both the nations, as Saleem points out in Midnight’s Children... 

DR. SUNIL G. PATIL
KESHAV LIMBAJI PAWAR

ABSTRACT

Ambedkarite literature is a revolutionary literary movement in India. It expresses the suppressed voice of pain and protest of Dalit community and proclaims crusade against inhuman caste based social set up which was induced of Chaturvarna system i.e. Brhaminical socio cultural hegemony. Padmahri Namdev. Dhasal is radical litterateur and prominent Ambedkarite activist of Dalit liberation moment in post-independence India. He is a protestant panther against man made discrimination which is being made in the name of caste class and gender in Indian society.   Dhala's description of the lives of people in this habitation shocked the human hearts and shaked the brains and bodies of so called upper class society.

Taking inspiration from the American Black Panther movement, he founded the Dalit Panther in 1972, a militant organization and supported its radical socio-political activism to the Liberation of Dalits in Maharashtra. His arrival on the scene of Marathi literature transformed the very face of Marathi poetry and caused a great upheaval and brought revolution in cultural discourse .Dhasal published three popular anthologies entitled’ Golpitha’, ‘Murk Mahataryne Dongar Halvila and ‘Amchya Itihasatil Ek Aprihary Patra Priyadarshini’ just in the period of four years and vibrated the cultural discourse in the country.

Key Words  Ambedkarite literature, Dalit Protest, Dalit liberation

R. VANITHA
DR. V. UNNIKRISHNAN

ABSTRACT

There is a lot of discrepancy between the student’s ability and his/her performance level.  That discrepancy or inconsistency is confirmation of the learning disability.  Deficits in any area of information processing are noticeable in a range of specific learning disabilities. Dyslexia is one such specific learning disability.  This study aims to explore the ways in which the dyslexic children can be accommodated effectively to learn English in a mainstream English language classroom in order to prevent their academic failure.

Keywords: Dyslexia, English language classroom, accommodation.

MOHAMMAD TARIQ (TARIQ FARAZ)

ABSTRACT

‘Hermeneutics,’ the word, is derived from Greek ‘hermenus’, which means ‘an interpreter’. Historically, it comes from Greek mythology, which refers to the messenger, Hermes, who was an interpreter of Zeus’ messages. Hermeneutics, in general, is a method or a science of interpreting sacred texts. It covers both orders- the theory of understanding and the interpretation of linguistic and non- linguistic expressions...

SOURAV SINGHA

ABSTRACT

Aime Cesaire’s A Tempest interrogates the relevance of Eurocentric sophistications and value systems in the black cultural context. In fact, the black ethics and cultures had either been distorted or misrepresented in the European literatures and history about colonial subjects throughout the ages but the black intellectuals like Aime Cesaire has always challenged to rectify and re-interpret those editions of colonizers-colonized tale. The Eurocentric values, which were taught in the guise of universal knowledge, experienced extensive critique in Cesaire’s play. By introducing local relevance in the play, Aime Cesaire has actually defied the colonizer’s edition of a colonial story where black indigenous traditions had been marginalized. In this article, I shall examine how The Tempest by Shakespeare, comes across appropriations and rectifications in Cesaire’s edition of the play. This article will also interrogate how by re-interpreting a canonical text, Cesaire is actually developing the notion of cultural decolonization...

JOYITA SHAW

ABSTRACT

Nowadays with one foot in America and a toe in homeland south Asians immigrants instead of moaning for their long gone past celebrates their newfound free-floating existence. Although memories sometimes make their heart bleed but instead of haunted by the past, immigrants of today are desperate to forge their new identities beyond the chaos of confused world of immigrants

Bharati Mukherjee and JhumpaLahiri are two well-known diaspora writers with their bags full of awards for their contribution to diaspora writings.  Jhumpa lahiri is an American writer from Indian Origin; hence, her India is seen through her borrowed memories from her parents, relatives, friends and, her short trips to India in her childhood days. But in comparison to lahiri’s world, Bharati Mukerjee’s India is not frozen in time full of goodness, rather with riots and gender biased ambience it sometimes stinks too. Jhumpa’s characters longs for the sweet past which appears to be more real to them than the actual reality as we have  in Mrs Sen from “Mrs Sen’s” who pines for her known ambit with beckoning hands of known peoples. Mukherjee’s characters in contrast to that are different with their overt desire to be part of the host culture, so we see Panna of “The Wife’s Story” who prolongs her stay in America to enjoy her academic success as well as her female freedom. Again there is Jasmine the eponymous character of the story “jasmine” who ends up feeling home at America confessing that her homeland Trinidad is too tiny for an ambitious girl like her. Thus being part of a heterogeneous culture the study of Diaspora is significant as the dilemma faced by expatriates are quite similar with any heterogeneous country like India.

Keywords- Diaspora, acculturation, assimilation, immigrants, and alienation.

DR. RAJKUMAR M. LAKHADIVE

ABSTRACT

The term autobiography is commonly thought to have been coined by the nineteenth century poet Robert Southey in 1909. In the beginning, autobiographers wrote more about their family bride and family traditions. In the seventeenth century, due to the extraordinary political and social disturbances more and more people started expressing themselves in the form of autobiographies, to show their contribution in important historical events. Every human being has a desire to express the inner self and wish to share it with others. Autobiography happens to be a powerful medium to express his inner feelings, cravings, desires and aspirations. The autobiographer describes his secrets, beliefs, convictions, intentions, interests which engross the readers, specially the common man, who feels privileged to be allowed to be admitted into the autobiographer’s private life. Hence, autobiography as a literary genre is becoming popular day by day. An autobiography is the record of time, the era, the social, political and religious state.

G. PARASHURAMA MURTHY
DR. S. V. UDAYARAVI

ABSTRACT

The research paper, an exploration of Child sexual abuse or statutory rape as found in the works of Tennessee Williams and Mahesh Dattani has its focus on specific work of the two playwrights. The Night of the Iguana by Williams (1962) and Dattani’s Thirty Days in September (2001) are texts with which a probe into the maladies and social ills can be undertaken for the study of child abuse or statutory rape. The critical inquiry sees into such common denominators as poverty, corruption, crime, discrimination of caste/racism, divorce, child abuse, violence against women. Although the Playwrights are of different socio-economical, political and cultural background, the issues for each playwright are of serious concerns which assume universal contemporary relevance bearing a comparative interdisciplinary study. Both the works present sensitively rendered cases of contemporary abuses; The Night of the Iguana with great reception of critical acclaim and awards, also had artistically effective version of movie; Lawrence T Shannon, a former priest who has lost his faith and his way. Alcoholism and sexual liaisons, allegedly with minors, have brought his downfall and continue to undermine his position. Thirty Days in September this drama on incest has Mala, the daughter of Shantha, who is molested by her maternal uncle, Vinay. Mala’s intention is to unburdenher self by confiding it to her mother. Mala’s confiding reveals Shantha too had been molested by the same person, i.e., Vinay her brother. Thethematic issues probed with reference to the plays manifest the ideas of socio-historical reality reflected as part of literary creativity that demands discursive attention.

Keywords: Child sexual abuse, incest, Maladies and Social ills, Socio-historical reality.

KAMEL HEZAM ALI MOQBEL
DR RAJKUMAR M. LACKHADIVE

ABSTRACT

P. SUBRAMANIAM
DR. V. THAYALAN

ABSTRACT

Short Message Service (SMS) is a text messaging service component of phone, web, or mobile communication systems, using standardized communications protocols that allow the exchange of short text messages between fixed line or mobile phone devices. 

SMS text messaging is the most widely used data application in the world, with 3.6 billion active users, or 78% of all mobile phone subscribers. The term SMS is used as a synonym for all types of short text messaging as well as the user activity itself in many parts of the world. These are used not only in the Mobile communication devices but also with various chat engines on the internet, like Gtalk, Skype, Yahoo messenger, Whatsapp messenger, Facebook chat etc.

DR. K. SUNEETHA REDDY

ABSTRACT

English language competency is a significant aspect of an engineering student’s academic life and prospective career. Employers give considerable value to graduates acquiring a diverse set of skills in different work environment. Besides analytical and problem solving skills, subject specific knowledge, research and improved decision making ability, management skills, understanding of other culture, confidence and competence to work in international environment are considered the most essential qualities for engineers. However, at the bottom of these lies an effective communication skill. If students fail to see the broader scenario of the corporate world and ignore the communication skills, it can endanger a shallow level of understanding. It is because the main mode of communication used and most of the teaching contents and the sources for information are in English. The present paper deals with the importance of English language competence in every walk of the professional life of an engineer for his bright future and how the teachers and students need to make integrated efforts build their competency in English skills that would enable students successful in studies, campus interviews, and their corporate life.

DR. T. K. BALAJI PURUSHOTHAM
K. V. S. RAMPRASAD

ABSTRACT

English language competency is a significant aspect of an engineering student’s academic life and prospective career. Employers give considerable value to graduates acquiring a diverse set of skills in different work environment. Besides analytical and problem solving skills, subject specific knowledge, research and improved decision making ability, management skills, understanding of other culture, confidence and competence to work in international environment are considered the most essential qualities for engineers. However, at the bottom of these lies an effective communication skill. If students fail to see the broader scenario of the corporate world and ignore the communication skills, it can endanger a shallow level of understanding. It is because the main mode of communication used and most of the teaching contents and the sources for information are in English. The present paper deals with the importance of English language competence in every walk of the professional life of an engineer for his bright future and how the teachers and students need to make integrated efforts build their competency in English skills that would enable students successful in studies, campus interviews, and their corporate life.

DR. ASHITHA VARGHESE

ABSTRACT

Tribalism is the state of being organized in, or advocating for, a tribe or tribes. In terms of conformity, Tribalism may also refer in popular cultural terms to thinking or behaving in which people are more loyal to their tribe than to their friends, their country, or any other social group. According to Tribalist, the term Tribalism refers to what they see as the defining characteristics of tribal life: namely, an open, egalitarian, classless and cooperative community.

DR. PAYEL DUTTA CHOWDHURY

ABSTRACT

Ka Jingsneng Tymmen is a documentation of oral traditions of the Khasi tribe in Meghalaya. Berry’s book showcases the rich culture of the North-East India contrary to the popular belief that literature from this zone is only about the troubled political climate, violence, backwardness, under-development, poverty, and the ever-present image of the gun. This book is a compilation of the Khasi teachings of elders passed on from generation to generation and thus, serves as an important document in contemporary times when western influence has seeped in to such an extent that our culture and traditions are under threat of being lost. 

This paper is an attempt to study the important issues related to the Khasi society, primarily among those are gender roles, marriages, family and community, and connection to God and thus, brings out the rich oral legacy documenting their myths, beliefs, and culture, as represented in Berry’s book, in order to understand the ways of life of these people.

Keywords: moral code, etiquette, oral tradition, clan, matrilineal, gender, family, elders, beliefs, food

S. ARCHANA (SURYA)
DR. C. RAJU

ABSTRACT

Any work of art narrates the mind’s inner happenings of the characters created. Again any work of art has immense scope to be analyzed, crititiqued and to be interpreted in various ways. Modern day writers excel in the variegated nature of the themes they handle. Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni is a writer who has established herself as a writer who has immense thought content and literary style. The novel Sister of My Heart portrays the post modern trend a woman fashions for herself. Here, two close cousins consider each other as sisters and enjoy, encounter and eliminate circumstances that are conducive as a coercive in nature. Though many women don’t react to the immediate happenings of their lives, there is also a streak of feministic aspect inherent in them. This article attempts to find out the outcome of the struggle the two cousins face and also would attempt to find out how they fared in their encounters. 

Key words: Post-modern, feminism, love, bonding, suffering

SANDEEP KUMAR SHARMA

ABSTRACT

All the major formalist writers and other critics like John Crowe Ransom, Allen Tate, R. P. Blackmur and Cleanth Brooks etc.  laid attention to the concrete and close reading of a literary work and brought a kind of revolution in literary studies. Though all these formalist critics had their own separate critical theories and devised their own terms for the structure of poetry and represented divergent points of view both in theory and practice, but their basic assumptions and attitudes about literature and its study are more or less the same. It is held by each one of them that a poem should be treated as a poem and as an object in itself.

Key Words: Structure, Imagination, Poem, Text, Language, Gesture

DR. (SR.) EUGINI FATIMA MARY
MARIA AROKIARAJ K. A. SDB

ABSTRACT

Due to the agrarian background, 75% of learners come from rural background. The government runs most of the schools in India. English is the official link language in India. The learners begin to learn English when they are eight years old. They study English language as just another subject and for one hour a day, merely want to pass an examination by memorizing few questions. Listening and Speaking skills are totally neglected in these schools. Reading skills, to certain extent, is encouraged. Of course, writing skills are given priority. But, writing skills are limited to memorizing and reproducing some pre-prepared answers. They are taught by teachers, who themselves do not or cannot speak in English. There is a vast divide between the rural and urban learners of English. Urban learners of English seem to have better exposure to English.

DR. M. YOGESH

ABSTRACT

DR. RAJKUMAR M. LAKHADIVE

ABSTRACT

Ode to a Nightingale is the longest and one of the best of Keats’s odes. Keats had experimented with the ode-form, and developed the ode-stanza suited to his purpose, in the Ode to Psyche. Then in the Summer of 1819, he composed four odes: To a Nightingale, on a Grecian Urn, On Melancholy and on Indolence in a rapid succession. Of these, the Ode to Nightingale was composed in a remarkable burry. This ode is thematically and technically among the best two or three of his odes. It deals with Keats’ usual preoccupations with the contraries of life such as the ideal and the real, the imaginary and the actual, joy and sorrow, permanence and transcience, the timeless and the temporal, and so on. According to Cleanth Brooks and Robert Penn Warren observe: “Ode to a Nightingale is a very rich poem. It contains some complications which we must not gloss over if we are to appreciate the depth and significance of the issues engaged. One of these complications has to do with the close connection between pleasure and pain; another, with that between life and death.”

KASABE SOMNATH DEVIDAS

ABSTRACT

The Inheritance of Loss as a whole is a wonderful depiction of multicultural global society. The fabric of its themes is uniquely woven from the threads of globally mingled cultures and races challenging all colonial, neo-colonial traits of cultural and racial discrimination. Though, having pangs of its own, migration has played wonders mitigating the pangs of such discrimination from the face of the globe. With the issues and episodes related to human and cultural hybridity, global multiculturalism, global fraternity, consciousness and wisdom of the masses of this era, Desai presents a wonderful, happy and positive response to colonialism, neo-colonialism. By spreading the message of multiculturalism through her The Inheritance of Loss, Desai is an Indian by blood and spirit, is spreading the message of ‘Vasudhaiv Kutumbakam’ the whole Earth is a family, the age-old concept of Indian philosophy and a universal value established by our ancestors. Desai writes the saga of the losses of decades, amidst wonderful and globally shining gains of humanity at large, and creates encouraging response to colonialism.

Key Words- Multicultural, issues, Multiculturalism, Desai.

SANDEEP KUMAR SHARMA

ABSTRACT

Feminist criticism began as a kind of revolution against the traditional literary criticism which was male-centred that considered women's writing as inferior. A feeling prevailed among the traditional literary critics that women were incapable of any abstract thought and theorizing. The feminist critics were aware of the fact that criticism till then had been male dominated and the critical attention concentrated mostly on male writers. Feminist criticism aims at reviewing and revising the concepts which were earlier considered universal but which actually originate in particular cultures and serve particular goals. It wishes to redefine our concept of human nature and reality and thereby challenge the traditional concerns of literary criticism including established cannons and ways of reading.

Key Words: Feminist Criticism, Gynocriticism, Male-centred, Femininity.

SUBHAJIT BHADRA

ABSTRACT

In the realm of contemporary Bengali Literature Nilanjan Chattopadhyay has carved a niche for himself by dint of his short stories which are examples of the rich literature of the said Culture. Apart from being an accomplished short story writer, Nilanjan is also a very good and original novelist. His variety of themes and novelty of expression add to the stories an aura of their own. Nilanjan experiments with subject matter, theme and technique and each of his stories is unique because of the writer’s deft touch. He chooses his character basically from middle class background and provides a scrutiny of their behavior, psychology and life style. Nilanjan successfully blends reality and imagination in his stories and this fact becomes his strength. He uses metaphors, images and symbols in his stories and his language is chaste and urbane. The book under review highlights Nilanjan’s variety which is his major strength. Nilanjan’s stories and novel should be translated into English and other Indian language to make it widely available.

GAIKWAD MAHENDRAKUMAR M. & DR. REETA HARODE

ABSTRACT

SANJAY T. VITE

ABSTRACT

Charles Dickens stands as the master in handling world famous characters through his novels. The Victorian ideal of womanhood is the angel in the house – a moral, yielding, domestic paragon. In Victorian middle class ideology, women should be confined to the home to better protect them from the immoral influences of the world, in order that they should exert their good influence on their husband and children and through them the society at large. In Great Expectations Dickens presents a very different outlook of Victorian women who go beyond class lines, he provides powerful portraits of calculating and manipulative women, with no hint of the softness and capacity for sympathy that characterizes the ideal Victorian women. The present paper explores Victorian women and social status through the profound study of the chief women characters of Dickens’ Great Expectations. Dickens presents Mrs. Joe, Pip's sister, often complains about her situation. The second important character is of Estella, who has experienced a strange upbringing. Third chief character is of Miss Havisham whose behaviour is bizarre and obsessive so that she remains constantly in her pain and suffering. Apart from these there are other female characters like Biddy, Clara, Mrs. Pocket and Molly those who have their own stories victimization of the behaviour of men and the expectations of society.